Nanoparticulate delivery systems in cancer therapies provide better
penetration of therapeutic and diagnostic substances with the cancerous
tissue in comparison to conventional cancer therapies.
Current cancer therapy approaches are based in surgery, radiotherapy
and chemotherapy, being the chemotherapy the one that shows the greater
efficiency for cancer treatment, mainly in more advanced stages. A major
problem with this conventional chemotherapy is its toxicity and it also
destroys healthy tissues resulting in systemic toxicity besides
beneficial characteristics of killing cancer cells. Anticancer drugs
also destroy healthy tissues resulting in systemic toxicity.
A possible solution to avoid these adverse influences is targeted
drug delivery, which is a safer mode of delivering the medication at the
desired site of its action in increased concentrations compared to
other sites for maximal beneficial effect. The extremely small size of
nanoparticles makes it advantageous and potentially superior to use for
targeted drug delivery. In addition, these nanoparticle platforms allow
for selective targeting of cancer cells or tumor vessels either by
incorporating novel or standard anticancer drugs and/or the delivery of
therapeutic genetic modulators.
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